题主问的问题比较经典也比较具有代表性，我系统的回答一下，希望可以帮助到您。针对题主问题作出以下解答：

1、英文简介

Uncle Tom's Cabin, described by Stowe herself as a "series of sketches" depicting the human cruelty of slavery, opens with a description of Arthur Shelby's Kentucky plantation during the antebellum period. Although Shelby is not characterized as a cruel master, he has nevertheless incurred serious debts- prompting him sell some slaves to avoid financial ruin. Mr. Haley, the slave trader, purchases Uncle Tom, Shelby's loyal servant since childhood, and five-year-old Harry, a beautiful and talented child who sings, dances and mimes. Shelby regrets taking the child away from his mother, Eliza, as much as he regrets betraying Uncle Tom's faithfulness. Eliza overhears Mrs. Shelby, a very religious woman, protesting her husband's decision, and decides to flee the plantation with her son. George, her husband from a neighboring plantation, has already left for Canada via the "underground railroad," a secret network of people who usher runaway slaves to freedom in the North. Eliza plans to do the same, and tries to convince Uncle Tom to save himself and come with her. Uncle Tom, however, must remain loyal to his master, despite his betrayal and the risk of death at the cruel hands of a new master, and does not accompany Eliza on her journey to the Ohio River.

2、中文简介

《汤姆叔叔的小屋：卑贱者的生活》（英语：Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly），又译作《黑奴吁天录》、《汤姆大伯的小屋》，是美国作家哈里特·比彻·斯托（斯托夫人）于1852年发表的一部反奴隶制小说。这部小说中关于非裔美国人与美国奴隶制度的观点曾产生过意义深远的影响，并在某种程度上激化了导致美国内战的地区局部冲突。

3、作品简析

《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的全书都被同一个主题所主宰：奴隶制度的罪恶与不道德。当斯托夫人在她的文字里写入次要的主题时——譬如母亲的道德权威以及由基督教提供拯救的可能性——她都会强调这些主题与奴隶制的恐怖之间的联系。几乎在小说的每一页里，斯托夫人都在积极推动着“奴隶制度不道德”这一主题，有些时候她甚至会改变故事叙述的口吻，以向人们“布道”奴隶制的破坏天性（譬如，在载着汤姆前往南方州的轮船上，有一名白人女性这样说道：“奴隶制的最可怕之处就在于对感情和亲情的践踏——比如拆散人家的骨肉。”）通过对黑奴制度拆散他人家庭的刻画，斯托夫人用文字展现出了奴隶制度的罪恶。

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